At present, China consumes large amounts of energy at low efficiency with serious environmental impacts. With continuing rapid economic growth, the problem is worsening. Opportunities exist for energy efficiency improvements in every sector and China's recent five=year plan assigns high priority to energy efficiency. In response to the potential for energy efficiency to satisfy energy security, enviornmental, and economic development goals in China, the IEA, the State Planning Commission, and the National People's Congress organized a joint Conference on Energy Efficiency Improvements with a particular emphasis on coal and renewable energies. The conference, whose proceedings are presented in this volume, provided the first opportunity for more than 200 senior experts from China, the IEA, other international organizations, and private sector representatives to exchange information and experiences, as well as to identify new areas for cooperation.